MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. IDENTIFICATION

Revision Date

MARCH 2005

Product Name

CORROSIVE LIQUID, TOXIC, N.O.S

Other Names

SODIUM ETHYL XANTHATE ; SODIUM XANTHOGENATE ;

ETHYLXANTHIC ACID, SODIUM SALT

Uses

Gold processing agent, ore flotation.

Contact Information

Organisation	Location	Telephone	Ask For
Redox Pty Ltd	2 Swettenham Road Minto NSW 2566 Australia	+61 2 97333000	Technical Officer
	11 Mayo Road Wiri Auckland 2104 New Zealand	+64 9 2506222
Poison Information Centre	Westmead NSW Australia	131126
Chemcall 24 Hour Emergency Number	Australia	1800-127406
	New Zealand	0800-243622
National Poisons Centre	New Zealand	0800-764766

2. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

Hazardous according to criteria of NOHSC/ASCC.

Dangerous According to the Australian Code for the Transport of Dangerous Goods.

Classified as Dangerous Goods According to NZS 5433:1999.

HARMFUL IRRITANT

Risk Phrases

R21/22	Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R36/38	Irritating to eyes and skin.
R15/29	Contact with water liberates toxic, highly flammable gas.
R31	Contact with acids liberates toxic gas.
R48/20	Harmful : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation.

Safety Phrases

S1/2	Keep locked up and out of the reach of children.
S3/9	Keep in a cool, well ventilated place.
S16	Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.
S24/25	Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S33	Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
S36/37/39	Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S45	In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).

ERMA New Zealand Approval Code

HSNO Hazard Classification

No data available.

This Material Safety Data Sheet may not provide exhaustive guidance for all HSNO Controls assigned to this substance. The ERMA Web Site should be consulted for a full list of triggered controls and cited regulations.

3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

Ingredients

Chemical Entity	CAS Number	Proportions (%)
SODIUM ETHYL XANTHATE	[140-90-9]	40
WATER	[7732-18-5]	60
CARBON DISULPHIDE (EVOLVED)	[75-15-0]	N/A

4. FIRST AID MEASURES

Description of necessary measures according to routes of exposure.

Swallowed

Do NOT induce vomiting. For advice, contact a Poisons Information Centre on 13-11-26 (Australia) or a doctor.

Eye

Immediately flush eyes with copious amounts of water or sterile saline solution. Seek immediate medical attention.

Skin

Remove contaminated clothing. Flush affected area with plenty of water. If irritation persists, seek medical attention.

Inhaled

Remove victim from exposure to fresh air. If difficulty breathing, apply artificial respiration. If breathing has stopped, give oxygen. Seek immediate medical attention.

Advice to Doctor

Treat symptomatically based on individual reactions of patient and judgement of doctor.

Aggravated medical conditions caused by exposure

Toxic! Irritant! Narcotic! This product has the potential to cause acute and chronic health effects with over exposure. Avoid skin contact and vapour inhalation. Carbon disulphide (present as a decomposition product) may cause an increased risk of nerve damage, birth defects and heart, liver and kidney damage.

5. FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

Extinguishing Media

In case of fire, appropriate extinguishing media is water jets.

Hazards from Combustion Products

Highly flammable vapour (Carbon disulphide)! Steam pipes may ignite carbon disulphide. Vapours are heavier than air and may travel some distance to an ignition source and flash back. Flammable/explosive vapours may accumulate in poorly ventilated areas. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, acids, bases, combustible materials and sources of ignition (including cigarettes, open flames, spark producing switches/tools, pilot lights, heaters, naked lights, mobile phones, etc). Containers may explode when heated. When heated, product may generate highly toxic gases including carbon disulphide, hydrogen sulphide and hydrocarbons.

Special Protective Precautions and Equipment for Fire Fighters

Fire fighters should wear a self contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing along with protective equipment.

Flammability Conditions

Product is a non-flammable liquid - but highly flammable vapour!

Additional Information

Hazchem Code

2X

6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Emergency Procedures

Personnel involved in the clean up should wear full protective clothing. Eliminate all sources of ignition. Evacuate all unnecessary personnel. Increase ventilation. Stop leak if safe to do so. Avoid contact with the product as it is corrosive. Do NOT let product reach drains, sewers or waterways. If product does enter a waterway, advise the Environmental Protection Authority or your local Waste Management Authority. Use clean, non-sparking tools/equipment.

Methods and Materials for Containment and Clean Up

Soak up spilled product using absorbent non-combustible material such as sand or soil. Avoid using sawdust or cellulose. When saturated, collect material and transfer to a suitable, labelled, corrosion-resistant container and hold for safe disposal.

7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

Precautions for Safe Handling

Ensure an eye bath and safety shower are available and ready for use. Observe good personal hygiene practices and recommended procedures. Wash thoroughly after handling. Take precautionary measures against static discharges by bonding and grounding equipment.

Conditions for Safe Storage (Including Any Incompatibles)

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Keep containers tightly closed when not in use. Inspect regularly for deficiences such as damage or leaks. Protect against physical damage. Storage containers must be earthed. Store away from incompatible materials including oxidizing agents, acids, bases, reducing agents, combustible materials and sources of ignition (including cigarettes, open flames, spark producing switches/tools, pilot lights, heaters, naked lights, mobile phones, etc). Protect from direct sunlight, moisture, foodstuffs and static discharges. This product has a UN classification 2922, a Dangerous Goods Class 8 (corrosive), and a Subsidiary Risk 6.1 (toxic) according to The Australian Code for the Transport of Dangerous Goods By Road and Rail.

Container Type

Packaging must comply with requirements of Hazardous Substances (Packaging) Regulations 2001. Store in original packaging as approved by manufacturer.

8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION

National Exposure Standards

Sodium Ethyl Xanthate cas no: 140-90-9 exposure standards; TWA = 10ppm (carbon disulphide) Carbon Disulphide (evolved) cas no: 75-15-0 exposure standards; TWA = 10ppm (31mg/m3)

Biological Limit Values

No information available on biological limits for this product.

Engineering Controls

A system of local and/or general exhaust is recommended to keep employee exposures as low as possible. Local exhaust ventilation is generally preferred because it can control the emissions of the contaminant at its source, preventing dispersion of it into the general work area. Use a flame proof exhaust ventilation system.

Personal Protection

RESPIRATOR: Wear an NIOSH approved Type A (Organic vapour) respirator. At high vapour levels, wear air-supplied hood. (EN141/149) EYES: Wear splash proof eye goggles (EN166) or a faceshield. HANDS: PVC or rubber gloves (EN374). CLOTHING: Wear cotton overalls and safety footwear.

9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Appearance

clear orange liquid

Formula

C2H5OC(S)SNa

Odour

unpleasant odour

Vapour Pressure

Not applicable.

Vapour Density

Not applicable.

Boiling Point

>100'C deg C

Melting Point

Not applicable.

Solubility in Water

Soluble

Specific Gravity

1.2 (Water = 1)

Flash Point

Test Unknown N/A (CS2 -30'C)

pH

Not applicable.

Lower Explosion Limit

CS2 = 0.6% (as percentage volume in air)

Upper Explosion Limit

CS2 = 60% (as percentage volume in air)

Ignition Temperature

N/A (CS2 90'C)

Specific Heat Value

Not applicable.

Particle Size

Not applicable.

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Content

Not applicable.

Evaporation Rate

Not applicable.

Viscosity

Not applicable.

Percent Volatile

Not applicable.

Octanol/Water partition coefficient

Not applicable.

Saturated Vapour Concentration

Not applicable.

Additional Characteristics

Not applicable.

Flame Propagation/Burning Rate of Solid Materials

Not applicable.

Properties of Materials That May Initiate or Contribute to Fire Intensity

Not applicable.

Potential for Dust Explosion

Product is a liquid.

Reactions that Release Flammable Gases

Product may emit hydrogen sulfide when heated.

Fast of Intensely Burning Characteristics

Not applicable.

Non-flammables That Could Contribute Unusual Hazards to a Fire

Not applicable.

Release of Invisible Flammable Vapours and Gases

No data available.

Decomposition Temperature

No data available.

Additional Information

No data available.

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Chemical Stability

Product is stable under directed conditions of use, storage and temperature.

Conditions to Avoid

Avoid excessive heat, direct sunlight, moisture, static discharges and high temperatures.

Incompatible Materials

Incompatible with oxidizing agents, acids, bases, reducing agents, combustible materials and sources of ignition (including cigarettes, open flames, spark producing switches/tools, pilot lights, heaters, naked lights and mobile phones).

Hazardous Decomposition Products

May generate highly toxic gases including carbon disulphide, hydrogen sulphide and hydrocarbons. Contact with oxidizing agents forms dixanthogens.

Hazardous Reactions

No data available.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Toxicity Data

Sodium Ethyl Xanthate cas no: 140-90-9 Oral LD50 Mouse 10% solution: 730mg/Kg Skin LD50 Rabbit: <1000mg/Kg Carbon Disulphide (evolved) cas no: 75-15-0 Inhale LC50 Mouse 2hr: 10mg/m3 Oral LD50 Guinea pig: 2125mg/Kg

Health Effects - Acute

Swallowed

Toxic! Harmful if swallowed. Ingestion may result in burns, gastro-intestinal tract irritation, nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea.

Eye

Irritant. Eye contact may result in lacrimation, irritation, pain, redness and conjunctivitis. Prolonged contact may cause corneal burns and possible permanent eye damage.

Skin

Irritant. Harmful in contact with skin. May result in drying and defatting of the skin, rash, dermatitis and burns. Toxic effects may result from skin absorption.

Inhaled

Toxic! Narcotic! Inhalation may cause headache, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and at high levels, delirium, coma and death from respiratory paralysis. Prolonged exposure to carbon disulphide vapour may result in nerve, heart and liver damage, and possible birth defects. Very high vapour pressure increases absorption through inhalation. The higher the temperature of the solution and the older the solution, the more carbon disulphide is present.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Ecotoxicity

No data available.

Persistence and Degardability

No information available on persistence/degradability for this product.

Mobility

No information available on mobility for this product.

Environmental Fate (Exposure)

Xanthates hydrolyse (reacts with water) readily. If discharged to waterways, xanthates may persist for several days, hydrolysing slowly in the neutral environment.

Bioaccumulative Potential

Bioaccumulation is unlikely.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Disposal

Dispose of in accordance with all local, state and federal regulations.

Special Precautions for Land Fill or Incineration

The waste code classification is to be carried out according to the European Waste Catalogue (EWC) specifically for each branch of industry and each type of process.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Land Transport

UN Number

2922

Shipping Name

CORROSIVE LIQUID, TOXIC, N.O.S

Dangerous Goods Class

8 Corrosive Substance

Subsidiary Risk

6.1 Toxic Substance

Pack Group

III

Precaution for User

HARMFUL IRRITANT

Hazchem Code

2X

Sea Transport

UN Number

2922

Shipping Name

CORROSIVE LIQUID, TOXIC, N.O.S

Dangerous Goods Class

8 Corrosive Substance

Subsidiary Risk

Pack Group

III

Precaution for User

HARMFUL IRRITANT

Hazchem Code

2X

15. REGULATORY INFORMATION

Classified as hazardous according to the criteria of NOHSC, and as Dangerous Goods according to the Australian Dangerous Goods Code. Classified as a Schedule 6 (S6) Poison using the criteria in the Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP).

Poisons Schedule

6

EPG

37

AICS Name

CARBONODITHIOIC ACID, O-ETHYL ESTER, SODIUM SALT

NZ Toxic Substance

N

HSNO Hazard Classification

No data available.

ERMA Approval Code

No data available.

16. OTHER INFORMATION

Literature References

No data available.

Sources for Data

No data available.

Legend to Abbreviations and Acronyms

<

less than

>

greater than

AICS

Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances

CAS

Chemical Abstracts Service (Registry Number)

cm2

square centimetres

CO2

Carbon Dioxide

COD

Chemical Oxygen Demand

deg C ( 'C )

degrees Celsius

ERMA

Environmental Risk Management Authority

g

gram

g/cm3

grams per cubic centimetre

g/l

grams per litre

HSNO

Hazardous Substance and New Organism

IDLH

Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health

immiscible

liquids are insoluble in each other

kg

kilogram

kg/m3

kilograms per cubic metre

LC50

LC stands for lethal concentration. LC50 is the concentration of a material in air which causes the death of 50% (one half) of a group of test animals. The material is inhaled over a set period of time, usually 1 or 4 hours.

LD50

LD stands for Lethal Dose. LD50 is the amount of a material, given all at once, which causes the death of 50% (one half) of a group of test animals

ltr

Litre

m3

cubic metre

mbar

millibar

mg

milligram

mg/24H

milligrams per 24 hours

mg/kg

milligrams per kilogram

mg/m3

milligrams per cubic metre

Misc

miscible

miscible

liquids form one homogeneous liquid phase regardless of the amount of either component present

mm

millimetre

mPa.s

milli Pascal per second

N/A

Not Applicable

NOHSC

National Occupational Health and Safety Commission

OECD

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development

PEL

Permissible Exposure Limit

ppb

parts per billion

ppm

parts per million

ppm/2h

parts per million per 2 hours

ppm/6h

parts per millionper 6 hours

RCP

Reciprocal Calculation Procedure

STEL

Short Term Exposure Limit

TLV

Threshold Limit Value

tne

tonne

TWA

Time Weighted Average

ug/24H

micrograms per 24 hours

UN

United Nations (number)

wt

weight